Method of constructing hollow cylindrical tile conduits.



H. B. NAYLOR.

METHOD OF CONSTRUCTING HOLLOW CYLINDRICAL TILE CONDUITS.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 29. I914.

INVENTOR WITNESSES UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HARRY B NAYLOR, 0F PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO NATIONAL FIRE PBOOFIN G COMPANY, OF PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OF PENN- SYLVANIA.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 28, 1916.

Application filed July 29,1914. SerialNo. 853,832.

To all whom, it may concern Be it known that I, HARRY B. NAYLOR, a citizen of the United States, residing at Pittsburgh, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Method of Constructing Hollow Cylindrical Tile Conduits, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in which- Figure 1 is a cross section of a conduit with the segments partially separated, and the looking or keying tiles also separated from the structure, and illustrating my invention, and Fig. 2' is a perspective View showing one manner of handling the segments.

My invention has relation to the construction of hollow cylindrical conduits built of courses of tile; and is designed to provide a method whereby the work can be more rapidly, efiiciently and economically performed.

In the practice of my invention I construct a conduit, such as a sewer, heating conduit or the like, in separate segments, each consisting of outer and inner courses of interlocking tiles, and then assemble these segments and fasten or key them together in place.

Referring to the accompanying drawingwhich illustrates my invention, the letters A and B designate two segments of a hollow cylindrical conduit, each of which is composed of outer and inner courses of tiles, the tiles of the two courses being interlocked.

2 designates the tiles of the outer course and 3 the tiles of the inner course. The tiles of the two courses are of generally similar shape, each tile consisting of a relatively thin central portion and thicker end portions having the beveled surfaces 4. The shape of the tiles is such that each tile on its inner face has a central recess between the beveled surfaces 4, adapted to receive the thicker end portions of two abutted' tiles in the adjacent course, withv sufiicient space for a continuous interposed filling 6 of mortar or concrete. As will be seen, the tiles of the two courses are in staggered relation to each other, the individual tiles in each course being separated by mortar or cement Joints such as mdicated at 7. The mortar or cement joint 6 between the two courses is continuous throughout each segment, but owing to the staggered relation of the tiles 1n the two courses, the radial joints 7 are broken, so that there are no radial joints extending from the inner to the outer surface of the segment.

The lower segment B may either be built up in separate lengths and lowered into place in the conduit trench or other excavation; or it may be built up in such excavation. The upper segment A is built up outside the excavation; and after it has been allowed to set for a short time,can be lowered into place by means of a suitable crane and sling, the latter being indicated at 8 in Fig. After being lowered into place onv the lower segment, it is locked thereto by the two key tiles 9 which are similar to the other tiles of the outer course and which complete such course. In making up the segments the outer course is left incomplete at each end of each segment to the extent of the length of one-half of an outer tile.

The tiles? are preferably formed with interior longitudinal air spaces or cells 10, which make them to a large extent hollow. These hollow spaces being united end to end as the construction proceeds form continuous air spaces. Those at the lower part of the lower segment may be conveniently.

utilized for drainage purposes while the conduit is being constructed, so that any water in the excavation may be carried through these spaces instead of flowing along the inside of the lower segment during the construction.

Instead of constructing the conduit in two semi-cylindrical segments, it will be obvious that it may be constructed in a greater number of segments, which can be subsequently assembled and secured together in the same manner as the segments illustrated in Fig. 1.

The interlocking arrangement of the inner and outer tiles makes it possible to pre-- construct a segment of very considerable length and of great weight, and subsequently put it into place as a unit. This outside of the trench or excavation.

I claim:

1. The method of constructing hollow cylindrical tile conduits, which consists in building. up a plurality of separate segmental units or sections of a plurality of individual tiles, by laying the tiles in position with relation to each other and placing mortar in the joints between adjacent tiles,

allowing the mortar to set to secure the tiles to each other, then assembling said units or sections to form a cylindrical structure, and then uniting the units at their meeting edges by keying tiles, and placing mortar between adjacent keying tiles and the keying tiles and tiles of the units, substantially as described.

2. The method of constructing hollow cylindrical tile conduits, which consists in building up a plurality of separate segmental units or sections of a plurality of individual tiles, by laying the tiles in position with relation to each other and placing mortar in the joints between adjacent tiles, allowing the mortar to set to secure the tiles to each other, then assembling said units or sections to form a cylindrical structure, and then uniting the sections both at their longitudinal meeting edges and also at their ends by means of keying tiles, and placing mortar between adjacent keying tiles and the keying tiles and the tiles of the sections,

' substantially as described.

3. The method of constructing hollow cylindrical tile conduits, which consists of building up a plurality of separate segmental units or sections, each composed of an inner and an outer course of tiles, one of the courses being complete and the other course being incomplete at both the longitudinal and end edges of the sections, then assembling said units or sections to form .the cylindrical structure, and completing the outer courses or adjacent sections by inserting tiles which overlap adjacent sections both longitudinally and endwise, ,substantially as described.

4. The method of constructing hollow cylindrical tile conduits, which consists in building up a plurality of separate segmental units or sections each having an inner and outer course composed of a plurality of individual tiles which are laid up in position with relation to each other, and placing mortar in the joints between adjacent tiles, allowing the mortar to set to secure the tiles to each other, then assemblingmy hand.

HARRY B. 'NAYLOR. Witnesses W. H. Fosrrm, S. D. EHRMAN. 

